LEO CG 16 Channel USB GPIO Module User Manual [CG16B]

1.Introduction

SKU	Description	Operating temperature
NLEUG016B	LEO CG 16 Channel USB GPIO Module - CG16B	-40 ℃ to 85 ℃

The Numato Lab LEO CG16B is a versatile and reliable USB-based GPIO interface designed for industrial automation, test systems, embedded applications, and system integration. The module combines 16 3.3V I/O channels with 8 multiplexed analog input channels and 2 PWM channels in a single compact platform, providing flexible digital and analog signal interfacing through USB.

The module enables seamless control and monitoring of digital signals over USB through a clean, human-readable command interface. This streamlined approach simplifies system integration, allowing developers, engineers, and system integrators to build reliable automation, control, and test solutions without the complexity of conventional communication protocols.

Designed with a flexible low-voltage I/O architecture, the LEO CG16B provides 16 I/O channels supports 3.3V. These channels can be configured for digital input or digital output operation according to application requirements. The multiplexed architecture provides flexibility for applications that require configurable digital interfacing.

In addition to the digital I/O functionality, the module provides 8 multiplexed ADC input channels. These analog channels share the corresponding 3.3V I/O pins, allowing the same physical connections to be used for either digital I/O or analog signal acquisition, depending on the application requirements.

To further enhance automation and system reliability, the LEO CG16B includes:

Smart Action Engine for rule-based, event-driven automation and standalone operation.
Advanced GPIO Timer Functionality for accurate and repeatable digital output control.
Integrated I/O Failsafe Engine to help maintain safe and predictable operation during defined fault conditions.
USB Command-Line Interface for simple and reliable host-based control.
Configurable 3.3V GPIO functionality for flexible digital input and output interfacing.
8-Channel ADC Capability for monitoring variable voltage signals through the multiplexed GPIO channels.
2 PWM Channels multiplexed with the configurable 3.3V GPIOs for flexible pulse-width modulation control.

With its combination of 16 configurable 3.3V digital I/O channels and 8 multiplexed analog input channels and 2 PWM channels, the LEO CG16B provides a flexible platform for applications requiring both digital control and analog signal monitoring.

Whether used in industrial automation, test and measurement, embedded systems, data acquisition, machine interfacing, or standalone automation, the LEO CG16B USB GPIO Module provides a reliable and user-friendly solution for configurable digital control and analog signal monitoring.

Board Features

16 GPIOs – Supports 3.3V signals.
8 Analog Inputs multiplexed with the GPIOs
2 PWM channels multiplexed with the GPIOs
USB Connectivity for convenient host-based control
Human-Readable Command-Line Interface
Smart Action Engine for rule-based automation and standalone operation
Advanced GPIO Timer Functionality
Configurable I/O Failsafe Engine
DIN Rail Mount Compatibility
RGB Status Indicator
Device Reset and Factory Reset Switch

Applications

Industrial Automation and Control
Machine and Equipment Monitoring
Building and Facility Automation
Test and Measurement Automation
Data Acquisition and Signal Monitoring
Sensor and Actuator Interfacing
Power Management and Sequencing
Safety and Failsafe Systems
Standalone Edge Automation
Embedded System Integration
Laboratory and Development Systems
DIY and Hobby Applications

Parameter *	Value	Unit
Basic Specifications
Maximum current drawn by digital circuitry	300	mA
Digital circuit power supply voltage (External)	12/24	V
Operating Temperature Range	-40 to 85	℃
GPIO Specifications
Number of GPIOs	16
Maximum High Voltage on GPIOs	3.3	V
ADC/PWM Specifications
Number of Analog Inputs (Multiplexed)	8
Analog Input Resolution	12	Bits
Number of PWM Channels (Multiplexed)	2

GPIO	ADC	PWM
IO0	ADC0	NA
IO1	ADC1	NA
IO2	ADC2	NA
IO3	ADC3	NA
IO4	ADC4	NA
IO5	ADC5	NA
IO6	ADC6	PWM0
IO7	ADC7	PWM1
IO8	NA	NA
IO9	NA	NA
IO10	NA	NA
IO11	NA	NA
IO12	NA	NA
IO13	NA	NA
IO14	NA	NA
IO15	NA	NA
GND	GND	GND
GND	GND	GND
VCC	VCC	VCC
VCC	VCC	VCC

Action	LED Indication	Function
Single Click	The Red LED briefly turns OFF and ON, indicating that the device is restarting.	Device Reset: Resets the device and reinitializes.
Press for 7-10 seconds	The Red LED blinks continuously while the factory reset process is in progress.	Factory Reset: Device erases all the settings and restores to factory defaults.

User name	admin
Password	admin1234
Device ID	00000000
Smart Action	Disabled
GPIO Power-On	Disabled
GPIO Notify Feature	Disabled
IO Failsafe	Disabled

Error Code	Error Name	Description
-3	Invalid Command	The device does not recognise the entered command
-2	Invalid Argument	One or more parameters are incorrect
-51	Invalid Output Timer Limit	Timer delay is outside the allowed range
-41	Invalid Smart Engine Mode	The IO is already set to a different smart engine mode
-42	Invalid Output Value	The output value is outside the allowed range in the smart action engine

No.	Command	Parameters	Example	Description
1	ver	None	ver	Returns firmware Version
2	id	get/set xxxxxxxx	id get, id set 12345678	Reads/Sets id of the module
3	usr	get/set xxxxxxxx	usr get, usr set admin	Reads/Sets User name
4	pass	get/set xxxxxxxx	pass get, pass set admin	Reads/Sets Password
5	usr auth	get/on/off	usr auth get, usr auth on, usr auth off	Returns User Auth status, Enable/Disable Authentication
6	smart	get/-i/-o/disable/ [input] [mode] [target_output] [value]	smart get 000, smart -i 000, smart -o 000, smart disable, smart 000 L 000 1	Read configured data, clear configured input, disable entire smart action feature, configure smart feature
7	gpio	set/clear/read/status [gpio number]/status/writeall/iomask/iodir [value]/notify/poweron [iodir value] [gpio value]/iodir/iomask/write [gpo_group] [gpo_map]	gpio set 000, gpio clear 000, gpio read 000, gpio status 000, gpio status, gpio status, gpio writeall ff, gpio iodir 00, gpio iodir A 0000, gpio iodir, gpio iomask, gpio notify on, gpio notify off, gpio notify get, gpio poweron 00 ff, gpio write A 00ff,	Control and monitor the GPIOs
8	adc	read [adc number]	adc read 000	Read Analog to Digital Converter input value
9	pwm	status, freq xxx y, duty xxx y, disable, status/on/off xxx	pwm status, pwm freq 000 1000, pwm duty 001 50, pwm disable, pwm status 000, pwm on 001, pwm off 001	Control and monitor the PWMs.
10	fs	get input_number/reset/disable/ [input] [mode] [gpo_group] [gpo_map]	fs get 000, fs reset, fs disable, fs 000 L A 0012	Read status of IO failsafe, Manual Reset Failsafe, Disable Failsafe, Configure Failsafe
11	info	none	info	Display information about the module including Smart Action, Power-on status, and IO Failsafe
12	reboot	none	power reset	Power reset does a soft-reset.
13	fact	reset	fact reset	Perform device factory reset

No.	Command	Example	Description
1	ver	ver	This command returns the current firmware version of the device. Command Format `ver` Response Format `xxxx` xxxx – Firmware version string Description Returns the firmware version currently running on the device. Example `ver` Returns firmware version Notes The version format may vary depending on the firmware release.
2	id	id get id set xxxxxxxx	This command is used to read and configure the device ID. Command Format `id get` `id set x` x – New device ID (exactly 8 characters) Description `id get` returns the current device ID. `id set x` updates the device ID to the specified value. Example `id get` Returns the current device ID `id set DEV12345` Sets the device ID to "DEV12345" Notes The device ID must be exactly 8 characters in length. Changing the device ID may affect identification in connected systems or applications.n a new ID to the module. “x” stands for alphanumeric characters including symbols. The new ID must be exactly 8 characters in length.
3	usr	usr get usr set xxxxxxxx	This command is used to read and configure the device username. Command Format `usr get` `usr set x` x – New username (1 to 8 characters) Description `usr get` returns the current username configured on the device. `usr set x` updates the username to the specified value. Example `usr get` Returns the current username `usr set admin` Sets the username to "admin" Notes Username length must be between 9 and 31 characters. Changing the username affects authentication over the USB interface. It supports alphanumeric and symbols( !, @, ^, (, ))
4	pass	pass get pass set xxxxxxxxx	This command is used to read and configure the device password. Command Format `pass get` `pass set x` x – New password (9 to 31 characters, alphanumeric and symbols supported are `!, @, ^, (, )`) Description `pass get` returns the current password configured on the device. `pass set x` updates the device password to the specified value. Example `pass get` Returns the current password `pass set admin1234` Sets the password to "admin1234" Notes Password length must be between 9 and 31 characters. Use a strong password to ensure secure access to the device. Changing the password affects authentication over the USB interface.
5	usr auth	usr auth get	This command returns the current USB authentication status. Command Format `usr auth get` Response Format `USR Authentication Disabled` – Authentication is DISABLED `USR Authentication Enabled`– Authentication is ENABLED Description Returns whether USB authentication is currently enabled or disabled. Example `usr auth get` Returns USR Authentication Enabled if authentication is enabled, otherwise USR Authentication Disabled Notes Ensure authentication is enabled for secure operation. When disabled, commands can be executed without credentials.
		usr auth on	This command enables USB authentication for the device. Command Format `usr auth on` Description Enables authentication over the USB interface. Once enabled, valid credentials are required to execute commands. Example `usr auth on` Enables USB authentication Notes Ensure valid username and password are configured before enabling authentication. If credentials are unknown, use factory reset to restore default access.
		usr auth off	This command disables USB authentication for the device. Command Format `usr auth off` Description Disables authentication over the USB interface. Once disabled, commands can be executed without requiring a username or password. Example `usr auth off` Disables USB authentication Notes Disabling authentication reduces access security. It is recommended to use this feature only in trusted environments.
6	info	info	This command displays module information, including Smart Action status, Power-on configuration, and IO Failsafe status. Command Format `info` Description Returns a summary of key module configurations in a single response. Helps in quickly verifying system setup and operational status. Example `info` Returns module configuration summary Notes The response format may vary based on firmware version. Use individual commands for detailed configuration of each feature.
7	reboot	reboot	This command performs a soft reset of the device. Command Format `reboot` Description Restarts the device without altering any stored configuration. All settings, including Smart Action, Timer, Failsafe, and credentials, remain unchanged. Example `reboot` Performs a device soft reset Notes The device will briefly disconnect and restart after execution. Use this command to recover from temporary issues or apply configuration changes.
8	fact reset	fact reset	This command performs a factory reset of the device. Command Format `fact reset` Description Restores the device to factory default settings. All configurations, including Smart Action, Timer, Failsafe, credentials, and other user-defined parameters, will be erased. Example `fact reset` Performs a device factory reset Notes The device will briefly disconnect, the LED will blink during the reset process, and the device will restart upon completion. Use this command to recover the device or reset all configurations. This action cannot be undone.

No.	Command	Example	Description
1	gpio	gpio status xxx	This command returns the current status of a specific GPIO channel. Command Format `gpio status xxx` xxx – GPIO number (Range: 000 to 015, numbering starts from 0) Response Format `0 or 1` 1 – GPIO is High 0 – GPIO is Low Description Returns the current state of the selected GPIO channel. Example `gpio status 000` Returns status of GPIO 0 Notes Ensure the GPIO number is within the valid range (000–015). The response reflects the real-time state of the GPIO at the moment of execution.
2		gpio status A	This command reads the current status of all GPOs in group A in a single operation. Command Format `gpio status A` Response Format `A:XXXX` XXXX – Current GPIO state (hexadecimal value) Description The returned value represents the state of all gpios in the selected group. Each bit corresponds to one gpio channel. 0 – GPIO low 1 – GPIO high Example `A:0000` – All GPIOs are low `A:00FF` – All GPIOs are high Group Representation A – Group A (first 16 GPIOs) Each bit represents one GPIO channel Value Range `0000` to `00FF` (8-bit)
3		gpio status	This command reads the current status of all GPIOs in a single operation. Command Format `gpio status` Response Format `A:XXXX` XXXX – Current GPIO state (hexadecimal value) Description The returned value represents the state of all gpios in the selected group. Each bit corresponds to one gpio channel. 0 – GPIO low 1 – GPIO high Example `A:0000` – All GPIOs are low `A:00FF` – All GPIOs are high Group Representation A – Group A (first 16 GPOs) Each bit represents one GPIO channel Value Range `0000` to `00FF` (8-bit)
4		gpio set xxx	This command sets a specific GPIO channel HIGH. Command Format `gpio set xxx` xxx – GPIO number (Range: 000 to 015, numbering starts from 0) Description Set to HIGH the selected GPIO channel. Example `gpio set 000` GPIO 0 set to HIGH Notes Ensure the GPIO number is within the valid range (000–015). The command immediately updates the GPIO state.
5		gpio write A xxxx	This command sets the output state of GPIOs in Group A in a single operation. Command Format `gpio write A xxxx` A – Group identifier (Group A represents the first 8 GPIO channels). xxxx – 8-bit hexadecimal value (Range: 0000 to 00FF). Do not prepend `0x` to the value. Description Sets the output state of all 8 GPIO channels in Group A simultaneously based on the specified hexadecimal value. - 0 – Sets the corresponding GPIO output to LOW. - 1 – Sets the corresponding GPIO output to HIGH. Examples `gpio write A 0000` Sets all GPIO outputs in Group A to LOW. `gpio write A 00FF` Sets all GPIO outputs in Group A to HIGH. Notes Each bit in the hexadecimal value corresponds to a GPIO channel in Group A. Ensure the corresponding GPIO channels are configured as outputs before executing this command.
6		gpio clear xxx	This command clears a specific GPIO channel LOW. Command Format `gpio clear xxx` xxx – GPIO number (Range: 000 to 015, numbering starts from 0) Description Clear to LOW the selected GPIO channel. Example `gpio clear 000` GPIO 0 clear to LOW Notes Ensure the GPIO number is within the valid range (000–015). The command immediately updates the GPOO state.
7		gpio set all	This command sets HIGH all GPIO channels. Command Format `gpio set all` Description Turns ON all GPIOs in a single operation, regardless of their current state. Example `gpio set all` Sets High all GPIOS. Notes This command immediately sets all GPIO outputs to High. It overrides any previously set GPIO states. If a GPIO is mapped to GPIO timer, manual control will be restricted
8		gpio clear all	This command clears to Low all GPIO channels. Command Format `gpio clear all` Description Clears to Low all GPIOs in a single operation, regardless of their current state. Example `gpio clear all` Clears to Low all GPIOs Notes This command immediately sets all GPIO outputs to Low. It overrides any previously set GPIO states. If a GPIO is mapped to GPIO timer, manual control will be restricted
9		gpio pwron A xxxx XXXX	This command sets the poweron value to GPIOs in group A. Command Format `gpio pwron A xxxx XXXX` xxxx – GPIO direction [0 – output, 1 – input] XXXX –poweron value [0 – Clear GPIO, 1- Set GPIO] Description Sets the GPIO status on power-on according to the hexadecimal value and IO direction mentioned. gpio poweron 000f 005d Example `‘000f’ ‘005d’ – 0000 0000 0000 1111 0000 0000 0101 1101` GPIOs 0 to 3 – input GPIOs 4 to 15 – output Set GPIOs 0,2,3,4&6, Clear GPIOs 1,5,7 - 15
10		gpio pwron get	This command returns the power-on output state configured for all GPIO channels. Command Format `gpio pwron get` Response Format `Poweron Value : xxxx` xxxx – 8-bit hexadecimal value (Range: 0000 to 00FF). Description Returns the power-on value configured for the GPIO channels, indicating the output state each GPIO assumes when the module is powered on. Example `gpio pwron get` Returns `Poweron Value: 00F3` Indicates that GPIO 0, 1, and 4-7 are configured HIGH, while the remaining GPIOs are configured LOW on power-on. Notes Each bit in the hexadecimal value corresponds to a GPIO channel: - 1 – GPIO is configured HIGH on power-on. - 0 – GPIO is configured LOW on power-on.
11		gpio pwron disable	This command disables the GPIO power-on feature. Command Format `gpio pwron disable` Description Disables the power-on feature configured for the GPIO channels. Once disabled, the GPIOs will no longer be set to their configured power-on values when the module is powered on. Example `gpio pwron disable` Disables the power-on feature for all GPIO channels. Notes Disabling this feature does not erase the previously configured power-on values.
12		gpio read xxx	This command returns the current status of a specific GPIO channel. Command Format `gpio read xxx` xxx – GPIO number (Range: 000 to 015, numbering starts from 0) Response Format `0 or 1` 1 – GPIO is High 0 – GPIO is Low Description Returns the current state of the selected GPIO channel. Example `gpio read 000` Returns status of GPIO 0. Notes Ensure the GPIO number is within the valid range (000–015). The response reflects the real-time state of the GPIO at the moment of execution.
13		gpio iodir	This command returns the I/O direction status of the GPIO channels. Command Format `gpio iodir` Response Format `IO Direction : xxxx` xxxx – I/O direction value (Range: 0000 to FFFF) Description Returns the I/O direction configuration of the GPIO channels, indicating whether each GPIO is configured as an input or output. Example `gpio iodir` Returns `IO Direction: 00F3` Indicates that GPIO 0, 1, and 4–7 are configured as inputs, while the remaining GPIOs are configured as outputs. Notes The returned value represents the I/O direction configuration of all GPIO channels. Each bit corresponds to a GPIO channel, indicating its configured direction.
14		gpio iodir A	This command returns the I/O direction status of GPIOs in Group A. Command Format `gpio iodir A` Response Format `IO Direction : xxxx` xxxx – I/O direction value (Range: 0000 to FFFF) Description Returns the I/O direction configuration of the 8 GPIO channels in Group A, indicating whether each GPIO is configured as an input or output. Example `gpio iodir A` Returns `IO Direction: 00A3` Indicates that GPIO 0, 1, 5, and 7 are configured as inputs, while GPIO 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8-15 are configured as outputs. Notes The returned value represents the I/O direction configuration of all 16 GPIO channels in Group A. Each bit corresponds to a GPIO channel and indicates its configured direction.
15		gpio iodir A xxxx	This command sets the I/O direction of all GPIO channels in a single operation. Command Format `gpio iodir xx` xx – 8-bit hexadecimal value (Range: 0000 to FFFF). Do not prepend `0x` to the value. Description Configures the direction of all GPIO channels simultaneously based on the specified hexadecimal value. - 0 – Configures the corresponding GPIO as an output. - 1 – Configures the corresponding GPIO as an input. Example `gpio iodir A 0000` Sets all GPIO channels as outputs. `gpio iodir A ffff` Sets all GPIO channels as inputs. Notes - The GPIO direction must be configured using the `gpio iodir A xxxx` command before using the `gpio read` and `gpio set all` commands. - The direction configured using the `iodir` command may be modified by subsequent `set`, `clear`, or `read` commands. This applies only to the GPIO channels accessed through these commands.
16		gpio iomask	This command returns the I/O direction status of all GPIO channels. Command Format `gpio iomask` Response Format `IO Direction : xxxx` xxxx – I/O direction value (Range: 0000 to FFFF) Description Returns the I/O direction configuration of all GPIO channels, indicating whether each GPIO is configured as an input or output. Example `gpio iodir` Returns `IO Direction: 00F3` Indicates that GPIO 0, 1, and 4–7 are configured as inputs, while the remaining GPIOs are configured as outputs. Notes Each bit in the hexadecimal value represents the direction of a corresponding GPIO channel: - 0 – GPIO configured as output. - 1 – GPIO configured as input. The response reflects the current I/O direction configuration of the GPIO channels.
17		gpio iomask A	This command returns the I/O mask status of GPIOs in Group A. Command Format `gpio iomask A` Response Format `IO Mask : xxxx` xxxx – I/O mask value (Range: 0000 to FFFF) Description Returns the I/O mask configuration of the 16 GPIO channels in Group A, indicating which GPIOs are enabled (unmasked) or disabled (masked). Example `gpio iomask A` Returns `IO Mask: 00AA` Indicates that the GPIOs corresponding to the set bits (1) are unmasked (enabled), while the GPIOs corresponding to the cleared bits (0) are masked (disabled). Notes Each bit in the hexadecimal value corresponds to a GPIO channel in Group A: - 1 – GPIO is unmasked (enabled). - 0 – GPIO is masked (disabled).
18		gpio iomask A xxxx	This command sets the mask/unmask status of all GPIO channels in a single operation. Command Format `gpio iomask xxxx` xxxx – 16-bit hexadecimal value (Range: 0000 to FFFF). Do not prepend `0x` to the value. Description Configures the mask/unmask status of all GPIO channels simultaneously based on the specified hexadecimal value. - 0 – Masks (disables) the corresponding GPIO. - 1 – Unmasks (enables) the corresponding GPIO. Examples `gpio iomask 0000` Masks all GPIO channels. `gpio iomask FFFF` Unmasks all GPIO channels. Notes Each bit in the hexadecimal value corresponds to a GPIO channel. A set bit (1) enables the corresponding GPIO, while a cleared bit (0) disables it.
19		gpio notify on	This command enables digital input (GPIO) change notifications. When enabled, the device monitors input state changes and sends a notification to the host whenever a change is detected. Command Format `gpio notify on` Notification Format `A:XXXX/YYYY` XXXX – Current input state YYYY – Previous input state Description A notification is sent only when a change is detected in any input bit. The value represents the state of all inputs in the group using hexadecimal format. Example `A:00FE/00FF` Previous state: `00FF` Current state: `00FE` This indicates that GPIO 0 changed from HIGH (1) to LOW (0), triggering the notification. Group Representation A – Group A (first 16 digital inputs) Each bit represents one input channel 0 – GPIO LOW 1 – GPIO HIGH Value Range `0000` to `FFFF` (16-bit)
20		gpio notify off	This command disables the GPIO change notification feature. Command Format `gpio notify off` Response Format `Gpio Notify Disabled` Description Disables automatic notifications for digital input state changes. Once disabled, the device will no longer send updates to the host when input states change. Example `gpio notify off` Disables GPIO change notifications
21		gpio notify get	This command returns whether the GPIO change notification feature is enabled or disabled. Command Format `gpio notify get` Response Format `Gpio Notify Enabled` or `Gpio Notify Disabled` Description Returns the current status of the gpio change notification feature. Example `gpio notify get` Returns `Gpio Notify Enabled` or `Gpio Notify Disabled`
22	adc	adc read xxx	This command reads the analog value from a specific ADC input channel. Command Format `adc read xxx` xxx – ADC input channel number (Range: 000 to 007) Response Format `0 to 1023` Description Reads the analog voltage present at the selected ADC input and returns its corresponding digital value in the range of 0 to 1023. Examples `adc read 000` Reads the analog value from ADC input 0. `adc read 004` Reads the analog value from ADC input 4. Notes Ensure the ADC input channel number is within the valid range (000–007). The returned value represents the analog input voltage converted into a 12-bit digital value.
23	pwm	pwm status	This command returns the current status of all PWM channels in a single operation. Command Format `pwm status` Response Format `A:XXXX` A – Group identifier (Group A represents the first 16 PWM channels). XXXX – Current PWM channel state (16-bit hexadecimal value, Range: 0000 to FFFF). Description Returns the current output state of all PWM channels in Group A. Each bit in the hexadecimal value corresponds to one PWM channel. - 0 – PWM channel output is LOW. - 1 – PWM channel output is HIGH. Examples `A:0000` Indicates that all PWM channels are LOW. `A:FFFF` Indicates that all PWM channels are HIGH. Notes Each bit in the 16-bit hexadecimal value represents the output state of a corresponding PWM channel in Group A.
24		pwm status xxx	This command returns the current status of a specific PWM channel. Command Format `pwm status xxx` xxx – PWM channel number (Range: 000 to 015, numbering starts from 0). Response Format `0 or 1` - 1 – PWM channel is HIGH. - 0 – PWM channel is LOW. Description Returns the current output state of the selected PWM channel. Example `pwm status 000` Returns the status of PWM channel 0. Notes - Ensure the PWM channel number is within the valid range (000–001). - The response reflects the real-time output state of the PWM channel at the moment of execution.
25		pwm freq xxx y	This command sets the operating frequency of a specific PWM channel. Command Format `pwm freq xxx y` Parameters - xxx – PWM channel number (000 or 001). - y – Desired PWM frequency in Hz. - PWM 000: 1 Hz to 5 MHz. - PWM 001: 1000 Hz to 5 MHz. Description Sets the operating frequency of the selected PWM channel. The specified frequency must be within the supported range for that channel. Examples `pwm freq 000 1000` Sets the frequency of PWM channel 000 to 1 kHz. `pwm freq 001 5000000` Sets the frequency of PWM channel 001 to 5 MHz. Notes - Ensure the PWM channel number is either 000 or 001. - Specify the frequency in Hz and ensure it is within the supported range for the selected channel.
26		pwm duty xxx y	This command sets the duty cycle of a specific PWM channel. Command Format `pwm duty xxx y` Parameters - xxx – PWM channel number (000 or 001). - y – Desired duty cycle (Range: 0 to 100%). Description Sets the duty cycle of the selected PWM channel. The duty cycle determines the percentage of time the PWM signal remains HIGH during one complete cycle. Examples `pwm duty 000 50` Sets the duty cycle of PWM channel 000 to 50%. `pwm duty 001 75` Sets the duty cycle of PWM channel 001 to 75%. Notes - Ensure the PWM channel number is either 000 or 001. - Specify the duty cycle as a percentage between 0 and 100.
27		pwm on xxx	This command enables the PWM output of a specific channel. Command Format `pwm on xxx` Parameters - xxx – PWM channel number (000 or 001). Description Enables the PWM output on the selected channel using the previously configured frequency and duty cycle. Example `pwm on 000` Enables the PWM output on channel 000. Notes - Ensure the PWM channel number is either 000 or 001. - Configure the desired frequency and duty cycle before enabling the PWM output.
28		pwm off xxx	This command disables the PWM output of a specific channel. Command Format `pwm off xxx` Parameters - xxx – PWM channel number (000 or 001). Description Disables the PWM output on the selected channel. Example `pwm off 000` Disables the PWM output on channel 000. Notes Ensure the PWM channel number is either 000 or 001.
29		pwm disable	This command disables PWM functionality on all available PWM channels. Command Format `pwm disable` Description Disables the PWM output on all available PWM channels, stopping their PWM signal generation. Example `pwm disable` Disables all PWM channels. Notes This command disables PWM functionality on all available channels, regardless of their individual configuration.

USB GPIO Modules